Ionic EquilibriumHard
Question
Silver ions are slowly added in a solution with [Br−] = [Cl−] = [CO32−] = [AsO43−] = 0.1 M. Which of the following compound will precipitate first?
Options
A.AgBr (Ksp = 5 × 10−13)
B.AgCl (Ksp = 1.8 × 10−10)
C.Ag2CO3 (Ksp = 8.1 × 10−12)
D.Ag3PO4 (Ksp = 1 × 10−22)
Solution
[Ag+]min for the start of precipitation of
$AgBr = \frac{K_{sp}(AgBr)}{\left\lbrack Br^{-} \right\rbrack} = \frac{5 \times 10^{- 13}}{0.1} = 5 \times 10^{- 12}\text{ M}$
For Cl–: [Ag+]min = ${\left\lbrack Ag^{+} \right\rbrack\frac{1.8 \times 10^{- 10}}{0.1}^{- 9}\text{ M}}_{\min}$
For $CO_{3}^{2 -}$: [Ag+]min = $\sqrt{\frac{8.1 \times 10^{- 12}}{0.1}} = 9 \times 10^{- 6}\text{ M}$
For $AsO_{4}^{3 -}$: [Ag+]min = $\left( \frac{1 \times 10^{- 22}}{0.1} \right) = 1 \times 10^{- 7}\text{ M}$
As [Ag+] needed is minimum for AgBr, it will precipitate first.
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