NEET Human Physiology: Complete Guide to All Systems
Human Physiology is 15-18 questions in NEET Biology — all directly from NCERT Class 12. These are factual questions based on diagrams, processes, and organ functions. Here is how to master each system.
Digestion and Absorption (2-3 questions)
Alimentary canal structure, digestive enzymes and their substrates/products, absorption in small intestine, role of liver and pancreas. NEET favorite: match enzyme to organ to substrate. Diagram: villi structure, portal circulation for absorbed nutrients.
Breathing and Gas Exchange (2-3 questions)
Respiratory muscles (diaphragm, intercostals), lung volumes (tidal, vital capacity, residual, total), Bohr's effect, oxygen dissociation curve, transport of CO₂ (70% as bicarbonate). Diagram: alveolar structure, comparison of inspired vs expired air.
Circulation (3-4 questions)
Double circulation, cardiac cycle (systole/diastole), ECG components (P wave, QRS, T wave), blood groups (ABO and Rh), coagulation cascade basics, lymphatic system. NEET: cardiac output = stroke volume × heart rate, identify which blood vessel carries what.
Excretion and Nephron Function (3-4 questions)
Nephron structure — convoluted tubules, loop of Henle, collecting duct. Filtration, reabsorption, secretion, concentration. Hormones: ADH (water reabsorption), Aldosterone (Na+ reabsorption). Micturition reflex. JG cells and renin-angiotensin system.
Chemical Coordination and Neural Control
Endocrine glands and hormones: pituitary (GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, ADH, Oxytocin), thyroid (T₃/T₄, calcitonin), adrenal (adrenaline, cortisol, aldosterone), pancreas (insulin, glucagon). Resting membrane potential, action potential, synaptic transmission, reflex arc.
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