Principle of Inheritance and VariationMediumBloom L3

Question

Match the terms in Column-I with their description in Column-II and choose the correct option: [NEET 2016]

Column I Column II
A) Dominance (i) Many genes govern a single character
B) Codominance (ii) In a heterozygous organism only one allele expresses itself
C) Pleiotropy (iii) In a heterozygous organism both alleles express themselves fully
D) Polygenic inheritance (iv) A single gene influences many characters

Options

A.A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii
B.A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i
C.A-iv, B-i, C-ii, D-iii
D.A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii

Solution

Sol.(b) [Key Concept: Genetics Terminology — Definitions Matching] Correct matches: A (Dominance) → (ii) In a heterozygous organism only one allele expresses itself — the dominant allele masks the recessive; B (Codominance) → (iii) In a heterozygous organism both alleles express themselves fully — both phenotypes present simultaneously; C (Pleiotropy) → (iv) A single gene influences many characters — one gene affects multiple traits; D (Polygenic inheritance) → (i) Many genes govern a single character — multiple loci control one trait (e.g., skin colour). Answer: A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i = option (b).

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