General Organic ChemistryHard

Question

Among the following compounds the one that is most reactive towards electrophilic nitration is

Options

A.benzoic acid
B.nitrobenzene
C.toluene
D.benzene

Solution

Presence of electron realeasing group like -R, -OH etc., increases the electron density at o/p position and thus, makes the benzene ring more reactive (at o/p position) towards electrophile. On the other hands, electron withdrawing group like -COOH, -NO2 etc, if present, reduces electron density and thus, reduces the activity of benzene nucleus towards electrophile. Thus, the order of the given compounds towards electrophile nitration is



Thus, toluene is most reactive towards electrophile nitration.

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