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Question

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion A: Forelimbs of human and bats are homologous.

Reason R: Forelimbs of humans and bats have similar anatomical structure.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Options

A.$\mathbf{A}$ is true but $\mathbf{R}$ is false
B.$\mathbf{A}$ is false but $\mathbf{R}$ is true
C.Both $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{R}$ are correct and $\mathbf{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathbf{A}$
D.Both $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{R}$ are true, but $\mathbf{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathbf{A}$

Solution

Sol. [Key Concept: Assertion–Reason evaluation]

Forelimbs of bats and humans share similarities in the pattern of bone arrangement.

Though their forelimbs perform different functions, they have similar anatomical structure, as all of them have humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges in their forelimbs.

Hence, in these animals, the same structure developed along different directions due to adaptation to different needs. This is divergent evolution, and these structures are homologous.

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