Question
Which of the following are paramagnetic?
A. $\left\lbrack {NiCl}_{4} \right\rbrack^{2 -}$
B. $Ni(CO)_{4}$
C. $\left\lbrack Ni(CN)_{4} \right\rbrack^{2 -}$
D. $\left\lbrack Ni\left( H_{2}O \right)_{6} \right\rbrack^{2 +}$
E. $Ni\left( {PPh}_{3} \right)_{4}$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Options
Solution
Sol. [Key Concept: Paramagnetic complexes — unpaired electrons / crystal field]
A. $\ \left\lbrack {NiCl}_{4} \right\rbrack^{2 -};{Ni}^{+ 2};3d^{8};sp^{3}$ hybridisation; 2 unpaired electrons; paramagnetic
B. $\ Ni(CO)_{4};Ni;3d^{8}4s^{2};sp^{3}$ hybridisation; Zero unpaired electron; diamagnetic
C. $\ \left\lbrack Ni(CN)_{4} \right\rbrack^{2 -};{Ni}^{+ 2};3d^{8};dsp^{2}$ hybridisation; Zero unpaired electron; diamagnetic
D. $\ \left\lbrack Ni\left( H_{2}O \right)_{6} \right\rbrack^{2 +};{Ni}^{2 +},3d^{8};sp^{3}d^{2}$ hybridisation; Two unpaired electron; paramagnetic
E. $\ Ni\left( {PPh}_{3} \right)_{4}$; $Ni;3d^{8}4s^{2},sp^{3}$ hybridisation; zero unpaired electron; Diamagnetic
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