CircleHardBloom L3

Question

The minimum distance between the circle $x^{2} + y^{2} = 9$ and the curve $2x^{2} + 10y^{2} + 6xy = 1$ is:

Options

A.$2\sqrt{2}$
B.2
C.$3 - \sqrt{2}$
D.$3 - \frac{1}{\sqrt{11}}$

Solution

[Key Concept: Minimum distance between a circle and a conic = (distance between centres) $-$ (radii); reduce the conic to standard form first.]

$$\begin{matrix} r^{2}\left( 2\cos^{2}\theta + 10\sin^{2}\theta + 6sin\theta cos\theta \right) = 1 \\ r^{2} = \frac{1}{3sin2\theta - 4cos2\theta + 6} \leq \frac{1}{6 - 5} = 1 \\ r \leq 1 \end{matrix}$$

Minimum distance between curves $= 3 - 1 = 2$.

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