Principle of Inheritance and VariationEasyBloom L4

Question

The pie chart shows the results of a survey of the incidence of blood groups A, B, AB and O amongst people in Britain.

[Pie chart: O = 51%, A = 36%, B = 8%, AB = 5%]

Which of the following conclusions can be deduced from the diagram?

Options

A.Only 5% of individuals are heterozygous for blood group alleles.
B.Group O is the most common as it is the homozygous recessive group.
C.The alleles for blood group A and B are dominant to the allele for blood group O.
D.Any individual, selected at random from the sample population, has a 1 in 20 chance of being blood group AB.

Solution

Sol.(d) [Key Concept: ABO Blood Groups — Data Interpretation] From the pie chart, AB blood group = 5% of the population = 1 in 20 individuals. So any randomly selected individual has a 1 in 20 (5%) chance of being blood group AB. Option (a) is wrong — not just AB individuals are heterozygous (many group A individuals are I^A i, many group B individuals are I^B i). Option (b) is partially correct but not a direct deduction from the chart alone. Option (c) is correct biology but cannot be deduced from this chart alone (it requires genetic knowledge).

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