p-Block elementsHard

Question

In the nitrogen family the H - M - H bond angle in the hydride MH3 gradually becomes closer to 90o on going from N to Sb. This shows that gradually -

Options

A.The basic strength of hydrides increase
B.Almost pure p-orbitals are used for M - H bonding
C.The bond energies of M - H Bond increases
D.The bond pairs of electrons becomes nearer to the central atom

Solution

The hydral shape with a lone pair of electrons in one of the orbitals. The H - M - Hbond angle is less than the original 109o28′ tetraheral bond angle (H - N - H in NH3is 106o45′) because of greater repulsion between lone pairs of electrons. Because electronegetivity of M decreases from N to Bi, The bond pair bond pair lie farther away from the central atom, and the lone pair causes greater distortion of bond angle.
Thus H - P - H bond in PH3 is 94o, while in AsH3 and SbH3 it is about 91.8o and 91.3o respectively (closer to 90o). This suggests that orbitals used for bonding are closer to purep-orbitals.

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