In compounds of type ECl3, where E = B, P As or Bi, the Cl - E - Cl bond angle for different E are i

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In compounds of type ECl3, where E = B, P As or Bi, the Cl - E - Cl bond angle for different E are in the order :

Accepted Answer

Using different atoms assingned for E, the examples of halides are BCl₃, PCl₃, AsCl₃ and BiCl₃. In BCl₃ the central B atom is sp² hybridised and due to planar triangular geometry Cl - B - Cl angle is 120^o (maximum).
In PCl₃, AsCl₃ and BiCl₃, the central atpm is sp³ hybridised but the slight difference in angles (with slight deviation from normal tetrmal tetrahedral angle 109^o28′) is due to difference in electronegativites of central atoms.
When electronegativity of central atom will be maximum, the bond pairs of E - Cl bonds will be shifted torward central atom and they will be situated closer to each other. It will lead to more bond pair-bond pair repulsion resulting in larger bond angle and vice versa.
Electromegativity of P, As and Bi follow the order :
P > As > Bi

thus correct order is BCl₃ > PCl₃ > AsCl₃ > Bi
Here it is important to note that all the three halides of P, As and Bi, the bond angle is less than 109^o28′ (normal terahedral angle). It is due to lp - bp repulsion. bp-bp repulsions are not so string to exceed the Cl - E - Cl bond angle larger than 109^o28′

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